Standards and requirements concerning reduction of CO₂ emission for new passenger cars

Jacek Kozyra; Zbigniew Łukasik; Aldona Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska; Piotr Folęga; Aleš Janota

doi:10.61089/aot2025.whr7qq76

Authors

Jacek Kozyra Faculty of Transport Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Casimir Pulaski Radom University, Radom, Poland Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6660-6713
Zbigniew Łukasik Faculty of Transport Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Casimir Pulaski Radom University, Radom, Poland Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-8760
Aldona Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska Faculty of Transport Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Casimir Pulaski Radom University, Radom, Poland Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-1031
Piotr Folęga Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, Poland Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6775-7559
Aleš Janota Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Žilina, Žilina, Slovak Republic Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2132-1295

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61089/aot2025.whr7qq76

Keywords:

passenger vehicles, CO2 reduction, fuel consumption reduction, target emission levels

Abstract

Imposed standards and requirements are supposed to make road transport cleaner, to achieve, defined by the European Union (EU), target levels of reduction of emission of greenhouse gasses since 2030 and contribute to achievement of the goals of Paris Agreement. Adopted requirements refer also to CO₂ emission for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles (vans). It was adopted that average annual level of CO₂ emission of the EU vehicle fleet, in comparison with 2021, to be reduced both for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles by 15 % for the years 2025–2029; 55 % for new cars and 50 % for new light commercial vehicles for the years 2030–2034 and 100 % since January 1, 2035. In 2025, the Commission will present methodology of reporting and assessing data concerning CO₂ emission in the whole life cycle of passenger cars and vans sold on the EU market. Since June 1, 2026, producers may commence data reporting based on this common EU method concerning CO₂ emission in life cycle of a vehicle. The authors of this article presented new regulation specifying the requirements concerning CO₂ emission for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles, which should contribute to achievement of EU target levels of reduction of emission of greenhouse gasses. Target individual levels of CO₂ emission for passenger cars in the years 2024-2035 were analysed. For ten most popular passenger cars registered in Poland, an analysis of reduction of level of CO2 emission was conducted in order to determine whether limit of CO₂ emission was increased to the level of 95g/km, 93,6g/km and 49,5 g/km.

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